All-purpose flour (plain flour)

All-purpose flour / farine T55

Flavor and role

The most widely used flour, with 9-11% protein. Good for batters, doughs and thickening sauces.

Typical dishes and uses

Fish and chips batter, roux (white sauce), pie dough, Yorkshire pudding, jeon and Korean pancakes.

Substitutes

Bread flour and cake flour mixed 1:1 approximate all-purpose flour. For thickening, 1 tbsp flour = 1/2 tbsp starch.

Storage

Keep sealed in a cool, dry place for 6-8 months. Frozen, it keeps over 1 year and stays insect-free.

Main countries

United States · France · Korea

Used in this book

MoussakaFish and ChipsBeef EmpanadasMince and Cheese PieKaraage (Japanese Fried Chicken)Cherry ClafoutisPierogi RuskieYorkshire PuddingHot Cross BunsAlbóndigas en Salsa (Spanish Meatballs in Sauce)Alfajores de MaicenaAnzac BiscuitsClassic American Apple PieBanana BreadBangers and Mash with Onion GravyBurnt Basque CheesecakeBeef BourguignonBrussels Waffles (Belgian Waffles)Classic Fudgy BrowniesCampfire BannockChicken NanbanChicken Paprikash (Csirkepaprikás)Chocolate Chip CookiesChurros con ChocolateNew England Clam ChowderCoq au VinClassic Skillet CornbreadCornish PastyCoxinha (Brazilian chicken croquettes)CrêpesCroque MonsieurFiskesuppe (Norwegian Creamy Fish Soup)French Onion SoupGarlic NaanPotato Gnocchi with Tomato and BasilHaemul Pajeon (Korean Seafood Scallion Pancake)HariraHotteok (Korean Brown Sugar Pancakes)Japanese Curry Rice (Kare Raisu)Kaiserschmarrn (Austrian Torn Pancake)Kanelbullar (Swedish Cinnamon Buns)Kartoffelpuffer (German Potato Pancakes)KäsespätzleKatsudon (Pork Cutlet and Egg Rice Bowl)Adjarian KhachapuriKimchi Jeon (Korean Kimchi Pancake)Yangnyeom Chicken (Korean Fried Chicken)LahmacunLamingtonsLasagne alla BologneseMac and CheeseMargherita PizzaNepali Chicken Momo with Tomato AcharOkonomiyaki (Japanese Savoury Pancake)Ossobuco alla MilaneseFluffy Buttermilk PancakesPastéis de NataPastel de ChocloPastitsioPatatas bravasPelmeni (Russian Meat Dumplings)PoffertjesPoutineAloo SamosaChinese Scallion Pancakes (Cong You Bing)Wiener SchnitzelClassic British SconesShepherd's PieIrish Soda BreadButtermilk Southern Fried ChickenSticky Toffee PuddingSwedish Meatballs (Köttbullar) with Cream GravySyrniki (Russian Cottage Cheese Pancakes)Tempura (Shrimp and Vegetable)Teriyaki ChickenTonkatsu (Japanese Pork Cutlet)Albóndigas in Saffron-Almond Sauce with PicadaChocolate-Dipped Alfajores, Mar del Plata StyleJapanese Matcha Alfajores with White Chocolate DrizzleBanana Dulce de Leche Alfajor Parfait CupsBrown Butter and Sea Salt Anzac BiscuitsWhite Miso and Black Sesame Anzac BiscuitsAnzac Ice-Cream SandwichesHand-Pulled Apple Strudel with Walnut Butter CrumbsBrown Butter Lattice Apple PieApple Pie Crumble Bars with Cinnamon GlazeBrown Butter Walnut Banana BreadMatcha Marble Banana BreadBangers with Ale and Caramelised Onion GravyGochujang-Glazed Bangers with Kimchi Butter MashBangers and Mash Croquettes with Onion Gravy DipMatcha Basque Cheesecake with Sweet Red BeanOvernight-Marinated Bourguignon with Glazed Onions and CroutonsBourguignon Dip MeltSouthern Fried Chicken and Waffles with Spiced Maple ButterBobotie LasagneRagù alla Bolognese with Handmade Egg TagliatelleBrown Butter Espresso Brownies with Sea SaltWhite Miso Sesame Swirl BrowniesCrinkle-Top Brownie CookiesBulgogi Cream Cheese DoriaChile Colorado Beef BurritoDutch-Oven Blueberry Bannock with Maple ButterSkillet Bannock Pizza Margherita (Italian-style)Maple-Cinnamon Bannock on a StickHyderabadi Chicken Dum BiryaniCrispy Machboos Popcorn Chicken with Black-Lime YogurtMiyazaki-Style Fluffy Chicken Nanban with Mustard TartareChicken Nanban Tacos with Jalapeño-Lime TartareChicken Nanban SandoWine-Braised Chicken Paprikash with Butter Nokedli and Cucumber SaladChili Mac and Cheese BakeBrown Butter Dark Chocolate Chunk CookiesMiso Caramel Chocolate Chip CookiesSkillet Chocolate Chip Cookie à la ModeChoux Churros with Cinnamon Sugar and 70% ChocolateMatcha Churros with White Chocolate DipBrown Butter Almond Cherry ClafoutisMatcha Cherry Mini ClafoutisCherry Clafoutis Custard ToastClam Chowder Pot PieOvernight-Marinated Burgundy Coq au VinCoq au Vin Pot PieBrown Butter Honey Cornbread with Charred CornMasala Cornbread with Green Chilli, Cumin and Coriander (American x Punjabi)Cornbread Breakfast Cups with Bacon, Cheddar and Baked EggPotato-dough chicken thigh coxinha with a cream cheese heartGochujang chicken and mozzarella coxinha (Korean dakgalbi style)Coxinha de pote (coxinha in a cup)Brown Butter Crêpes SuzetteCrêpe JianbingCrêpe Tiramisu CupsComté Mornay Croque MonsieurBulgogi Croque MonsieurCurrywurst Japanese Curry RiceHand-Cut Dak-kalguksu in Clear Chicken BrothTucumán-Style Knife-Cut Beef EmpanadasChicken Enchilada Rice BowlFeijoada Croquettes with Kale and BaconHandmade Egg Fettuccine AlfredoTriple-Cooked Fish and Chips with Homemade TartareAonori Tempura Fish and Chips with Ponzu MayoCrisp-Crusted Fish Burger with Minty Pea SmashBergen Fish Soup (Bergensk Fiskesuppe) with Homemade StockFiskesuppe Toast Melts with Cod, Salmon and PrawnsApple Crumble French Toast BakeRed Wine Galbi-jjim BourguignonKimchi Cheese Stuffed Naan with Gochujang Garlic ButterGarlic Naan Pull-Apart BreadGhormeh Sabzi Chicken Pot PieBaked-Potato Gnocchi with Sage Brown ButterGochujang Rosé GnocchiCrispy Garlic-Parmesan Gnocchi BitesBeef Shin Goulash with CsipetkeJuicy Crisp-Lattice Gyoza (Hanetsuki)Dongnae-Style Seafood Pajeon with Rice-Flour BatterSeafood Pajeon OkonomiyakiCrispy Pajeon Chips with Gochujang-Lime MayoSaffron Lamb Harira with Egg RibbonsTangzhong Hot Cross Buns with Tea-Soaked FruitHot Cross Scones with Whipped Orange-Honey ButterBusan-Style Seed HotteokChurro Chocolate HotteokIdli ManchurianOven-Braised Lamb Neck Irish Stew with Pearl Barley and Herb ButterJambalaya Arancini with Cajun RémouladeSlow-Simmered European-Style Beef CurryThai-Style Coconut Chicken and Squash CurryBaked Cheese Curry with a Runny Egg (Yaki Curry)Hand-Rolled Three-Treasure Jiaozi with Sizzling Chili DipCrispy-Skirt Kimchi Pork PotstickersKabsa Arancini with Daqqus DipOven-Baked Kaiserschmarrn with Homemade ZwetschkenrösterInjeolmi Kaiserschmarrn with Honey ButterCinnamon-Sugar Kaiserschmarrn Bites with Warm Vanilla DipHotteok Kanelbullar (Korean-Style Pan-Fried Brown Sugar Cinnamon Buns)Restaurant-Style Juicy Karaage with Spring Onion PonzuCrispy Kartoffelpuffer Cups with Apple-Bacon Sour CreamAllgäu Three-Cheese KäsespätzleSpätzle Carbonara with Pancetta and BergkäseCrispy Käsespätzle Cups with Chive Sour CreamThick-Cut Katsudon with Fresh DashiChicken Katsu Parmigiana DonKatsudon SandoCold-Fermented Three-Cheese Adjarian KhachapuriChorizo-Jalapeño Khachapuri (Georgian x Mexican)Mozzarella Kimchi Fried Rice CroquettesCrispy Aged-Kimchi Jeon with Pork BellyKimchi Jeon Pizza with Pepperoni and Hot HoneyKimchi Jeon Street ToastBrined Soy-Garlic Fried ChickenGochujang Buffalo WingsCrispy Koshari Bites with Daqqa Tomato Dip24-hour cold-proved lamb lahmacunRaspberry Jam and Cream LamingtonsMatcha White Chocolate LamingtonsLasagne Verdi with Homemade Spinach PastaKimchi Bulgogi LasagnaGruyère and Aged Cheddar Mac with Crispy PankoChorizo and Jalapeño Queso MacMac and Cheese Grilled Cheese24-Hour Neapolitan-Style MargheritaGochujang & Perilla Margherita Pan PizzaLokanta-Style Velvet Lentil Soup with CroutonsRed Wine Braised Steak and Cheddar PieMince and Cheese Pie ToastieJuicy Pork Jhol MomoLamb Moussaka with Pecorino BéchamelMoussaka Doria (Japanese Rice Gratin)Sambal Fried Chicken Nasi Lemak BurgerSeafood Mix Okonomiyaki with Homemade SaucePork Kimchi Cheese Okonomiyaki with Gochujang MayoOssobuco with Saffron Risotto alla MilaneseOsso Buco Sliders with Gremolata MayoCrispy Chorizo Paella BitesBrown-Butter Buttermilk Pancakes with Whipped Whites and Maple ButterButtermilk Dorayaki with Sweet Red Bean and ButterSheet-Pan Blueberry Pancakes with Maple Cream Cheese DrizzleButter-Spiral Pastéis de Nata (Belém Style)Pandan Coconut Pastéis de NataPastel de Choclo Muffins with a Pino CentrePastitsio with Slow-Simmered Beef and Pork Ragù and Bay-Infused BéchamelKeema Pastitsio with Garam Masala BéchamelPastitsio Melt Toast with Cinnamon Beef and Béchamel CrustTriple-cooked patatas bravas with homemade alioliSiberian Pelmeni in Golden Beef BrothSichuan Chili-Oil PelmeniCheesy Lazy Pelmeni Pinwheel SkilletPeri-Peri Popcorn ChickenBrown Butter Bacon PierogiKimchi Cheese Potsticker PierogiCrispy Plov Rice Balls with CheeseOvernight Buckwheat Poffertjes with Brown Butter and Flaky SaltPandan-Coconut Poffertjes with Palm Sugar SyrupCheddar & Spring Onion Poffertjes Skewers with Chive Sour Cream DipRed Wine Beef Shin Potjie with GremolataPotjie Pot PieTallow-Fried Poutine with Shallot Peppercorn GravyBulgogi Poutine with Gochujang Gravy and KimchiPoutine Grilled Cheese with Gravy DipDeep-Dish Quiche Lorraine with Homemade PastryEggplant Katsu Sabich SandoHalwai-Style Punjabi Samosas with Two ChutneysPizza SamosasThousand-Layer Scallion Pancakes with Homemade Scallion OilScallion Pancake QuesadillaScallion Pancake Twists with Sriracha MayoButterschmalz Wiener Schnitzel with Viennese Potato SaladSchnitzel Katsu CurrySchnitzel Bites with Lemon-Caper DipTea-Soaked Sultana Buttermilk SconesMatcha White Chocolate SconesCheddar Scone Breakfast SandwichRed Wine Lamb Shepherd's Pie with a Duchess Potato CrownShepherd's Pie Loaded Jacket PotatoStjerneskud (Danish 'Shooting Star' Smørrebrød)Wholemeal Brown Soda Bread with Oats, Treacle and SeedsZa'atar, Feta and Olive Soda Farls (Irish × Levantine)No-Yeast Soda Bread Cinnamon Rolls with Cream Cheese GlazeLard-Fried Double-Dredged Chicken with Peppered Cream GravyMasala Buttermilk Fried Chicken with Mint RaitaHot Honey Fried Chicken Sandwich with Pickle SlawPork Neck Souvlaki with Homemade Yogurt FlatbreadBrown Butter Stamppot with Onion GravyCheesy Stamppot Croquette CakesBlack Treacle Sticky Toffee Pudding with Salted Toffee SauceWhite Miso Sticky Toffee Pudding with Miso ButterscotchSticky Toffee Mug Cakes with Salted Toffee DrizzleSwedish Meatball Pasta BakeSweet and Sour Pork Tacos with Pineapple SalsaSweet and Sour Pork Katsu SandoGhee-Seared Syrniki with Warm Berry CompoteBaked Lemon-Blueberry Syrniki Cups with Crumble TopCrispy Tabbouleh Fritters with Garlic YogurtShortcrust Tarte Tatin with Vanilla Salted Caramel and ChantillyEdomae-Style Tempura with Matcha SaltShrimp Tempura Tacos with Lime Sriracha MayoShrimp Tempura OnigirazuThieb Arancini with Rof Fish and Tamarind-Chilli MayoThick-Cut Rosu Katsu, Double-FriedTonkatsu ParmigianaCheese Katsu OnigirazuHandmade Sanuki-Style Kitsune UdonBeef-Dripping Yorkshire Puddings with Slow Onion GravyBulgogi Yorkshire Pudding BowlsCinnamon-Sugar Mini Yorkies with Berries and Cream

Updated 2026-10-10